Kua tukuna mana te HJ 1453-2026 "Kounga Wai – Te Whakatau i te Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni me te Cr – Te Ine Ine Ngongo Atomika o te Umu Karāpiti" hei pūtake nui mō te kimi i ngā konganuku taumaha i roto i te kounga wai, ā, ka whai mana i te 1 o Mei, 2026. Ka whakaratohia e tēnei paerewa ngā whakaritenga hangarau whai mana me te pono mō te whakatau i ēnei huānga konganuku taumaha matua e rima i roto i te wai mata, te wai whenua, te paru o te whare me te paru o te ahumahi. I te aroaro o te tirotiro pakari me ngā hiahia kitenga paerewa teitei ake, ka noho te ine ine ngongo ngongo o te oumu karāpiti hei huarahi tautoko nui mō te aroturuki i ngā konganuku taumaha kounga wai me tōna aro nui, te iti o te rohe kimi me ngā āhuatanga pakari me te pumau.
Ine Whakamātautau Ngongo Atomika BFRL WFX-220A
1 Whakamātautau
1.1 Te whakarite i te taputapu me te matū
Ine Whakamātautau Ngongo Atomika WFX-220A: BFRL;
Pūwero ngaruiti me te whakamahana hiko atamai hei tautoko i te whakahaere pāmahana: Yiyao Technology, M3;
te otinga paerewa o Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr (1000 μg/mL); he tino parakore te waikawa hauota, te waikawa hauwaiora, me te pāradium nitrate.
1.2 Te whakarite tauira
I muri i te kohi tauira, tāpirihia he nui e tika ana o te waikawa hauota hei whakatika i te waikawa ki te pH≤2, rongoatia ki te wāhi pōuri, ka ine i roto i ngā rā 40.
Inehia kia tika te 25.0 mL o ngā tauira wai mata i roto i te tāke nakunaku ngaruiti, tāpirihia te 3 mL o te waikawa hauota me te 1 mL o te waikawa hauwaiora, ka maka ki roto i te mīhini nakunaku ngaruiti hei nakunaku (Ripanga 1). I muri i te nakunaku, whakamataohia ki te pāmahana rūma, whakatakotoria ki runga i te mīhini nakunaku hiko, ka mimiti i te wai kia tata maroke. Tangohia, ka whakamatao, horoia te pakitara o roto ki te 1% waikawa hauota kia 3 ngā wā, whakawhitia ki roto i te ngongo tae 25ml, whakaranua te rōrahi ki te 1% waikawa hauota ki te reticle, rūrūtia kia pai, ā, whakamatautauria.
Ripanga 1 Te tukanga whakamahana i te ngaruiti
| Te pāmahana nakunaku | Te wā whakamahana (min) | Te wā pupuri (min) |
| Te pāmahana rūma→120℃ | 0 | 3 |
| 120→150℃ | 0 | 3 |
| 150→180℃ | 0 | 20 |
1.3 Ngā āhuatanga whakamātautau
I whakamahia te mātaitanga mimiti ngota ngota mō te tātari, ā, e whakaaturia ana ngā āhuatanga tohutoro taputapu i te Ripanga 2 i raro nei.
Ripanga 2 Ngā āhuatanga tohutoro o te taputapu oumu karāhe
| Huānga | Cu | Pb | Cd | Ni | Cr |
| Iahiko rama | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Roanga ngaru | 324.7 | 283.3 | 228.8 | 232 | 357.9 |
| Whānuitanga āwhata | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Te pāmahana whakamaroke (℃)/Te wā (s) | 120/30 | 100/30 | 100/30 | 100/30 | 100/30 |
| Te pāmahana pungarehu（℃）/Wā（s） | 900/30 | 550/15 | 550/15 | 800/15 | 850/15 |
| Te pāmahana atomization（℃）/Wā（s） | 2300/3 | 2200/3 | 2000/3 | 2500/4 | 2500/3 |
| Rōrahi werohanga（μL） | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Te rōrahi werohanga whakapai ake i te matrix（μL） | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Tikanga whakatika papamuri | Rama Deuterium | Rama Deuterium | Rama Deuterium | Rama Deuterium | Rama Deuterium |
Whirihoranga o te whakapai ake i te matrix: paunatia te 0.1 karamu o te palladium nitrate, tāpirihia te 1mL o te waikawa hauota (2.1) kia memeha, kātahi ka whakatakoto i te rōrahi ki te 100mL me te wai taiwhanga.
Te tuhi i ngā kōpiko mahi: Ko ngā otinga paerewa arumoni o Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni me Cr (1000 μg/mL) i whakaranua i ia taahiraa, ka whakaritea kia 50 μg/L, 10 μg/L, 1 μg/L, 30 μg/L, me te 10 μg/L o te otinga whakamahi, ā, i mahia te kōpiko whirihoranga whakaranu ira-kotahi me te whakamahi i tētahi autosampler.
2 Ngā Hua me te Kōrero
I raro i ngā āhuatanga whakamātautau kua tīpakohia, he pai te whanaungatanga rārangi i te 0~50μg/L mō Cu, 0~10μg/L mō Pb, 0~1μg/L mō Cd, 0~30μg/L mō Ni, me te 0~10μg/L mō Cr, ka eke pea ki te neke atu i te 0.999; Kei te whakaatuhia te pihi whakataurite i te Pikitia 1~Pikitia 5 i raro nei.
Pikitia 1 Te pihi whakatikatika Cu
Pikitia 2 Te pihi whakatikatika Pb
Pikitia 3 Te pihi whakatikatika Cd
Pikitia 4. Piko whakatikatika Ni
Pikitia 5 Te pihi whakatikatika Cr
I whakaritea te otinga pātea kia rite ki te tikanga whakamātautau, ā, 11 ngā inenga i mahia, ā, ko te rohenga kitenga o te tikanga tatau ko 17.34pg mō Cu, 1.51pg mō Pb, 0.42pg mō Cd, 17.77pg mō Ni, me 1.28pg mō Cr.
I whakamātauria ngā tauira wai mata i maimoatia i raro i ētahi āhuatanga whakamātautau, ā, e whakaaturia ana ngā hua o te whakamātautau ki te Ripanga 3 i raro nei.
Ripanga 3Ngā hua whakatau o ngā tauira wai mata
| Huānga | Tauira 1 | Tauira 2 | ||
| Ngā uara ine （μg/L） | Te tere whakaora tere （%） | Ngā uara ine （μg/L） | Te tere whakaora tere （%） | |
| Cu | 18.7 | 94.5 | 24.2 | 92.1 |
| Pb | 1.2 | 97.8 | 1.4 | 99.6 |
| Cd | <0.06 | 91.2 | <0.06 | 94.5 |
| Ni | 7.9 | 102.3 | 8.2 | 97.4 |
| Cr | 1.3 | 105.5 | 1.8 | 96.9 |
E whitu ngā whakamātautau mō ngā rauemi tohutoro Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, me Cr, ā, e whakaaturia ana ngā hua o te whakamātautau ki te Ripanga 4 i raro nei.
Ripanga 4Ngā hua o ngā rauemi tohutoro Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, me Cr
| huānga | tau | uara kua whakatauritea （μg/L） | Ngā Inenga （μg/L） | Te rerekētanga paerewa whanaunga （%） |
| Cu | GSB 07-3186-2014 | 497±25 | 522.00 | 1.9 |
| Pb | GSB 07-3186-2014 | 0.241±0.012 | 0.243 | 2.1 |
| Cd | GSB 07-3186-2014 | 0.138±0.008 | 0.137 | 1.5 |
| Ni | GSB 07-3186-2014 | 258±14 | 253.4 | 2.6 |
Mai i ngā Ripanga 3 me te 4, ko te whakaoranga pūmau o Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni me Cr i roto i te tauira wai mata he 91.2%~105.5%, ā, ko te paerewa rerekētanga whanaunga o te tauira paerewa he 1.5%~2.6% mō ngā inenga whakarara e 7.
3 Whakamutunga
E ai ki ngā whakaritenga o te "Paerewa Kounga Taiao Wai Mata" (GB 3838-2002), ko te nui o te Cu, Pb, Cd me te Ni i roto i te wai mata e tutuki ana i te paerewa wai Akomanga II. I tēnei wā, i whakamahia te ine mimiti ngota WFX-220A hei whakatau i te Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni me te Cr me te tohutoro ki te HJ 1453-2026 "Te Whakatau i te Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni me te Cr i roto i te Kounga Wai mā te Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry", ā, i pai ngā hua o te taumata rohe kitenga, te tika me te tika o te tauira.
He tino aro nui te mita mimiti ngota WFX-220A, he tika te mahi, ā, he whānui hoki ngā whakamahinga. Ko tōna āhuatanga nui ko te taumata teitei o te aunoatanga, ka taea e te oumu mura me te karāpeti te whakatutuki i te whakawhiti aunoa kotahi-pāwhiri, me te whakahaere rere tino tika me te pūmanawa atamai me te pātengi raraunga tohunga kua hangaia, he ngāwari me te whai hua te whakahaere. I taua wā anō, ka whakamahia e te taputapu he hoahoa modular mō te tiaki o ia rā, ā, he maha ngā hononga haumaru me te tiakitanga whakahaere pāmahana e whakakotahi ana i te pūmanawa me te taputapu hei whakarite kia kore e pakaru te mahi. Hei tāpiri, ka tautokohia hoki e ia te tikanga mura pāmahana teitei, te tikanga hydride me te maha o ngā toronga autosampler, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te tātari whakarewa i roto i te tiaki taiao, te kai me te rongoā me ētahi atu mara.
Wā tuku: Mei-15-2026